Quiz

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Timeline

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Themes

Patterns for compare & contrast.

The Formula

All three: grievance → weak system → strong leader/military. Japan: discrimination + weak govt + military. Italy: "mutilated victory" + divided state + Mussolini. Germany: Versailles + Weimar collapse + Hitler.

Manufactured Casus Belli

Japan: Mukden — staged explosion (1931). Italy: Wal Wal — exploited clash. Germany: Gleiwitz — SS in Polish uniforms (1939).

Who Dragged Whom?

Japan: Military dragged government. Germany: Hitler dragged generals. Same outcome, opposite dynamics.

Parallel 1920s

Japan: Shidehara. Germany: Stresemann. Both relied on US money. Both killed by Depression.

Escalating Failures

Manchuria → Abyssinia → Rhineland. Each unpunished act emboldened the next.

Appeasement

Not cowardice: Versailles too harsh; economic crisis; military exhaustion; anti-war public; British overstretch; Germany as USSR buffer; Chamberlain's direct diplomacy.

Exam Technique

Paper 1: 1 hour.

Structure

Q.a [3] Comprehension — 3 points.
Q.b [2] Inference from visual.
Q.c [4] OPVCL — BOTH value AND limitations.
Q.d [6] Compare & contrast — BOTH similarities AND differences.
Q.e [9] Mini essay — sources AND own knowledge.

OPVCL

Weave, don't list. Only value OR limitations = capped at 2/4. Must reference O, P, and C somewhere.

Markbands [Q.e]

1–3 Descriptive, vague, no source refs.
4–6 Some analysis, general evidence.
7–9 Focused, sources as evidence, accurate own knowledge, synthesis.